Did you know that nearly 90% of U.S. households now rely on air conditioning to stay cool during the warmer months? According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, the demand for home cooling systems has never been higher—especially in regions experiencing longer, hotter summers due to climate change.
With rising temperatures and a growing need for indoor comfort, many homeowners are upgrading or replacing outdated systems. But what exactly happens during an AC installation? If you’re considering this investment, understanding the process can help reduce stress and ensure everything goes smoothly.
This guide breaks down what to expect before, during, and after a home AC installation, so you can feel fully prepared for the big day.
Step 1: In-Home Assessment & System Selection
The first step in any professional AC installation is a home evaluation. This isn’t just about square footage—it involves evaluating your home’s layout, insulation, existing ductwork, and ventilation needs.
During the assessment, a technician will:
- Measure the total area to be cooled
- Check existing electrical systems and ductwork
- Discuss your energy efficiency goals and budget
- Recommend the appropriate system size and type (e.g., central air, split system)
Proper system sizing is crucial—an oversized or undersized unit can lead to inefficiencies, higher energy bills, and a shorter system lifespan.
Step 2: Removal of the Old Unit
If you’re replacing an old AC system, technicians will safely disconnect and remove it. This process involves:
- Turning off the power and disconnecting the system
- Recovering refrigerant according to EPA guidelines
- Removing the old condenser, evaporator coil, and any outdated parts
This is also a good time to inspect existing ductwork for leaks or damage that could affect your new system’s performance.
Step 3: Preparing the Installation Site
Before your new system is installed, technicians may need to prep the area. This could include:
- Installing a new concrete pad for the outdoor unit
- Adjusting or repairing ductwork and insulation
- Making space for indoor components (like air handlers or thermostats)
A clean, stable foundation is essential for long-term performance and noise control.
Step 4: Installing the New AC System
Now comes the heart of the process—the actual AC installation. Technicians will:
- Set up the outdoor condenser and indoor evaporator coil
- Connect refrigerant lines and drain lines
- Install electrical wiring and the thermostat
- Pressurize and vacuum test the refrigerant system
This step can take several hours, depending on the complexity of the installation and whether ductwork or electrical updates are needed.
Step 5: System Testing and Calibration
Once everything is connected, the system is thoroughly tested and fine-tuned. Technicians will:
- Power up the AC unit and check for proper operation
- Measure airflow and refrigerant levels
- Ensure the thermostat is communicating correctly with the system
- Verify temperature output in various rooms
This ensures the system is cooling efficiently and safely right from the start.
Step 6: Final Walkthrough and Maintenance Tips
Before leaving, your technician will walk you through:
- How to operate your new thermostat
- When to change your air filters
- Signs to watch for that may indicate a future issue
- Recommended maintenance schedule
They may also advise you on energy-saving practices to get the most out of your system over the long term.
Bonus Tip: Don’t Forget About Permits and Inspections
Depending on your local regulations, permits and inspections may be required before and after installation. A licensed HVAC contractor should handle this for you, but it’s a good idea to confirm the process so you stay compliant with local building codes.
Final Thoughts
AC installation is more than just plugging in a new appliance—it’s a coordinated process involving electrical work, airflow analysis, and system calibration. When done correctly, it leads to years of reliable cooling and energy efficiency.
Whether you’re upgrading an old unit or installing central air for the first time, understanding the installation process helps you make informed decisions—and ensures a smoother experience from start to finish.
Stay cool, stay informed, and choose your system wisely.